Thumbsucking
What are the hazards of thumbsucking?The sucking function in newborn infants is very strong, therefore, thumbsucking is a very common habit. Thumbsucking and sucking on the tongue are normal in the first year and a half and usually disappear by age two. Because of this, the top incisors are pushed forward, while the bottom incisors are pushed backward. This can create a gap between the teeth. If the habit is lost, this gap will correct itself. If thumbsucking continues for up to three and a half years, however, the gap can be permanent. If thumbsucking continues during sleep, the pressure of the thumb against the pallet can create a deep pallet. The fingers pushing the incisors forward can give the jaw a narrow “V” shape. Additionally, the pressure of the thumb against the pallet can push the pallet toward the nasal cavity, narrowing the breathing passage. Because of this, the child’s anatomy may develop in a way that makes breathing through the nose difficult, so he or she will breath through the mouth. Breathing through the mouth facilitates the entrance of bacteria and viruses into the body.
This generally disappears by age four, but the disappearance of any irregularities that will depend upon the duration of thumbsucking as well as its frequency, severity and the exact position of the thumb while in the mouth.
How is thumbsucking treated?If the does not want to stop, it is nearly impossible for treatment to be successful. In order for the child to avoid teasing and peer pressure upon reaching school age, it is to his or her psychological benefit to be rid of the habit by that time. He or she should be encouraged to stop through positive reinforcement and without pressure. If the behavior is continuing when he or she reaches school age, it is recommend that the child receive services from a child psychologist.
